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状语从句是学生学习英语时经常接触的句型，也是高考复合句中考查的热点。在高三课本第六单元IntegratingSkills部分的Reading中，出现了下面的句子。
If untreated，it would produce a powerful poison that would kill the patient.
这句话是状语从句的省略现象，在if后省略了it were(因为这句话使用了虚拟语气，所以it后面使用were。)
状语从句的省略现象是学习的一个热点问题，需要引起注意。先请完成下面两道单项选择题。
①The boy will make a lot of trouble when_____alone.
A.leaving B.leave C.left D.beingleft
②Try to explain this new theory and give actual examples_____.
A.if it needed
B.when necessary
C.where they are possible
D.when you are possible
答案及分析：
1)答案为C.句中when引导的时间状语从句补充完整为when he is left alone.省略了主语he及动词is.
2)答案为B.句中when引导的时间状语从句补充完整为when it is necessary(to explain this new theory and give actual examples.)省略了形式主语it及动词is.
有些表示时间、条件、让步、地点以及方式状语从句中，有两种情况可以出现省略现象。
①谓语包含动词be的某种形式，主语与主句的主语一致，可以将从句的主语及动词be省略，如上面1)所示。
②谓语包含动词be的某种形式，主语为形式主语it。可以将从句的主语及动词be省略，如上面2)所示。
请学习下列两组句子，括号中为省略部分。
第一组：
①Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street.(注：主句为祈使句，主语是you)
②When(it is)taken a ccording to the directions，the drug has no side effects.
③Although(she was) not yet nine months old，she was able to walk without support.
④Fill in the blanks as(you are) asked.
⑤If(heis) not invited，he won’t go to your birthday party.
第二组：
①If(it is) necessary(to copy the letter)，I’ll have the letter copied.
②Fill in the blanks with articles where(it is) necessary(to fill in the blanks with articles.)
③As(it was) planned(that they met on January 20 at the school gate)，they met on January 20 at the school gate.
注：在第二组句子中，为了避免重复从句中真正的主语也省略掉。
练习：请选择最佳答案。
1.If____，the experiment will be successful.
A.do carefully
B.did carefully
C.carefully done
D.doing carefully
2._____in the dark，his head hit against a tree.
A.When walking
B.When he was walking
C.Walked
D.He was walking
3.Will you go and attend her party？
--No，___invited to.
A.if
B.when
C.for not
D.Even if
4.You mustn't touch it unless____.
A.asking to do
B.asked to
C.asking to
D.to be asked
答案及浅析：
1.C.所需填空的前面省略it(the experiment)is.
2.B.B项中的when引导是时间状语从句。主句的主语是his head，而walking的动作的发出者不可能是his head，因此不能选择A.D项是一个完整的简单句，和后面的句子之间没有连词，因此不正确。C项为过去分词，不能选择。
3.空后面省略了I am.答句为省略句，完整的句子为：“I won’t go and attend her party even if I am invited to her party.”
4.B.unless后面省略了youare.
（唐山一中：李素艳） | 
